Occurrence, Mineralogy, and Origin of the Lower Golden Valley Kaolinitic Clay Deposits Near Dickinson, North Dakota

Using Ptolemaic to late antiquity pottery assemblages from Aswan (ancient Syene) as a case study, we demonstrate the imperative nature of petrographic analyses combined with geological field surveys when investigating ancient potting centres. The combination of archaeological (i.e. abundance of ceramics, vessel shapes etc.), macroscopic and natural-scientific methods allows the reconstruction of the possible extraction areas of clays utilised in Aswan, Upper Egypt. Knowledge of specific clays and their compositional characteristics helps to establish archaeometric reference groups, necessary for differentiating kaolinitic clay sediments of the Aswan area from similar geological environments further down the Nile valley.

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The Use of Clay Particle Morphology Studies to Characterize Industrial Clay Deposits: Examples from Brazil

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.1993.028.4.05 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 539-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. De Souza Santos

Keyword(s):

Particle Morphology ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

High Alumina ◽

São Paulo ◽

Optical Studies ◽

Clay Deposits ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Kaolinitic Clay ◽

Ball Clays

AbstractThe use of transmission electron microscopy in association with other methods is described for the characterization of Brazilian industrial clays, especially kaolinitic-halloysitic clays. Examples are presented from: (a) tubular 7 Å-halloysites and the characterization of mixtures with ordered and disordered kaolinites in residual china clays; (b) tubular kaolinitic clay from Piedade, São Paulo; (c) platey 10 Å-halloysite from Poģos de Caldas, Minas Gerais; (d) rolled forms similar to 10 Å-tubular halloysite formed by repeated K Ac intercalation in well ordered kaolinite; (e) use of particle shape and size of kaolinite crystals in the São Simão, São Paulo ball clays as orientation for good sanitaryware ball clays; (f) characterization of gibbsite crystals in high alumina gibbsite/kaolinite clays; (g) antigorite as a clay mineral; (h) electron optical studies of thermal phase transformations involving tubular kaolinite, halloysites, antigorite, chrysotile, talc and pyrophyllite mono crystals.

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Hidden Cretaceous basins in Nova Scotia

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e01-023 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 38 (9) ◽

pp. 1335-1354 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rudolph R Stea ◽

Susan E Pullan

Keyword(s):

Nova Scotia ◽

Late Cretaceous ◽

Quartz Sand ◽

Seismic Data ◽

Tectonic Event ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Clay Deposits ◽

Kaolinitic Clay ◽

Middle Member ◽

Mesozoic Sediment

Early Cretaceous unconsolidated quartz sand and kaolinitic clay deposits in the lowlands of Nova Scotia are preserved in narrow half-grabens obscured by glacial drift. The Chaswood Formation sediments can be subdivided into three members; upper and lower members dominated by cyclical sandmud facies of fluvial origin and the middle member with lignitic clay of lacustrine origin. Ferruginous oxisols are common in the fine-grained facies of the upper and lower members. Seismic data indicate that Chaswood Formation strata in the Elmsvale Basin are deformed into steeply dipping faults and fault-related folds (Rutherford Road fault zone). An AptianAlbian age for this tectonic event is inferred from synsedimentary deformation and from the angular unconformity spanning the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary that truncates the Chaswood Formation. Exhumation of a thick cover of Mesozoic sediment (12 km) is needed to account for the preservation of Chaswood Formation outliers after ~80 Ma of erosion. The half-grabens that host the Chaswood Formation were formed in the Mesozoic and were antecedent to the present-day structurally controlled lowlands.

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